Introduction to Drugged Driving DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing • Alcohol • Barbiturates (Secobarbital) • Non barbiturates (GHB/Soma) • Anti-Anxiety Tranquilizers(Valium/Xanax) • Anti-Depressants (Prozac/Elavil) • Muscle relaxants Central Nervous System (CNS) Depressants

Session Overview – Introduction to Drugged Driving

DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing

• Alcohol

• Barbiturates (Secobarbital)

• Non barbiturates (GHB/Soma)

• Anti-Anxiety Tranquilizers(Valium/Xanax)

• Anti-Depressants (Prozac/Elavil)

• Muscle relaxants

Central Nervous System

(CNS) Depressants

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Central Nervous System (CNS) Depressants

CNS Depressants slow down the operations of the brain, and usually depress the

heartbeat, respiration, and many other processes controlled by the brain.

The most familiar CNS Depressant is alcohol.

Other CNS Depressants include:

• Barbiturates (such as Secobarbital (Seconal), and Pentobarbital (Luminal))

• Non-Barbiturates (GHB-gamma-hydroxybutyrate and Soma)

• Anti-Anxiety Tranquilizers (Such as Valium, Librium, Xanax, and Rohpynol)

• Anti-Depressants (such as Prozac and Elavil)

• Muscle relaxants and many other drugs (Soma)

CNS Depressants usually are taken orally, in the form of pills, capsules, liquids, etc.

In general, people under the influence of any CNS Depressant look and act like people

under the influence of alcohol.

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Session Overview – Introduction to Drugged Driving

DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing

Indicators of

CNS Depressant Influence

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General indicators of CNS Depressant influence are:

• “Drunken” behavior and appearance

• Uncoordinated

• Drowsy

• Sluggish

• Disoriented

• Thick, slurred speech

Eye indicators of CNS Depressant influence are:

• Horizontal gaze nystagmus usually will be present

• Vertical nystagmus may be present (with high doses)

• Pupil size usually will not be effected, except that Methaqualone and Soma may

cause pupil dilation

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Session Overview – Introduction to Drugged Driving

DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing

Central Nervous

System (CNS) Stimulants

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• Cocaine

• Amphetamines

• Methamphetamine

Central Nervous System Stimulants

Central Nervous System Stimulants accelerate the heart rate, respiration and many

other processes of the body.

The two most widely abused kinds of CNS Stimulants are cocaine and

methamphetamines.

Cocaine is made from the leaves of the coca plant.

Methamphetamines are chemically produced (manufactured) drugs.

Cocaine abusers may take the drug:

• By “snorting”

• By smoking (freebase, or “Crack”)

• By injection

• Orally

Abusers of amphetamines may take their drugs:

• By injection

• Orally

• By “snorting”

• Smoked (i.e., “ice”)

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Session Overview – Introduction to Drugged Driving

DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing

• People under the influence of CNS

Stimulants tend to be hyperactive,

indicated by nervousness, extreme

talkativeness and an inability to sit still

• They also are usually unable to

concentrate, or to think clearly for any

length of time

Indicators of

CNS Stimulant Influence

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General indicators of CNS Stimulant influence:

People under the influence of CNS Stimulants tend to be hyperactive, indicated by

nervousness, extreme talkativeness and an inability to sit still. They also are usually

unable to concentrate, or to think clearly for any length of time.

• Restlessness

• Talkative

• Excitation

• Euphoria

• Exaggerated reflexes

• Loss of appetite

• Anxiety

• Grinding teeth (bruxism)

• Redness to nasal area (if “snorting”)

• Body tremors

Eye indicators of CNS Stimulant Influence:

• Neither horizontal nor vertical nystagmus will be observed

• The pupils generally will be dilated.

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Source: DWI Detection and

Standardized Field

Sobriety Testing

March 2013 Edition

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