Standardized Field Sobriety Test Course Session 1 - Introduction Glossary of Terms DELIRIUM

Standardized Field Sobriety Test Course

Session 1 - Introduction

Glossary of Terms

DELIRIUM

A brief state characterized by incoherent excitement, confused speech,

restlessness, and possible hallucinations.

DENDRITE

The part of a neuron (nerve cell) that receives a neurotransmitter.

DIACETYL MORPHINE

The chemical name for Heroin.

DIASTOLIC

The lowest value of blood pressure. The blood pressure reaches its diastolic

value when the heart is fully expanded, or relaxed (Diastole).

DIPLOPIA

Double vision.

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DISSOCIATIVE ANESTHETICS

One of the seven drug categories. Includes drugs that inhibits pain by cutting off

or disassociating the brain's perception of pain. PCP and its analogs are

considered Dissociative Anesthetics.

DIVIDED ATTENTION

Concentrating on more than one thing at a time. The four psychophysical tests

used by DREs require the suspect to divide attention.

DIVIDED ATTENTION TEST

A test which requires the subject to concentrate on both mental and physical

tasks at the same time.

DOWNSIDE EFFECT

An effect that may occur when the body reacts to the presence of a drug by

producing hormones or neurotransmitters to counteract the effects of the drug

consumed.

DRUG

Any substance that, when taken into the human body, can impair the ability of the

person to operate a vehicle safely.

DWI/DUI

The acronym "DWI" means driving while impaired and is synonymous with the

acronym "DUI", driving under the influence or other acronyms used to denote

impaired driving. These terms refer to any and all offenses involving the

operation of vehicles by persons under the influence of alcohol and/or other

drugs.

DWI DETECTION PROCESS

The entire process of identifying and gathering evidence to determine whether or

not a subject should be arrested for a DWI violation. The DWI detection process

has three phases:

1. Phase One - Vehicle In Motion

2. Phase Two - Personal Contact

3. Phase Three - Pre-arrest Screening

DYSARTHIA

Slurred speech. Difficult, poorly articulated speech.

DYSPNEA et. al.

Shortness of breath.

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DYSMETRIA

An abnormal condition that prevents the affected person from properly estimating

distances linked to muscular movements.

DYSPHORIA

A disorder of mood. Feelings of depression and anguish.

EFFERENT NERVES

See: "Motor Nerves".

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

The network of glands that do not have ducts and other structures. They secrete

hormones into the blood stream to affect a number of functions in the body.

EVIDENCE

Any means by which some alleged fact that has been submitted to investigation

may either be established or disproved. Evidence of a DWI violation may be of

various types:

• Physical (or real) evidence: something tangible, visible, or audible.

• Well established facts (judicial notice).

• Demonstrative evidence: demonstrations performed in the courtroom.

• Written matter or documentation.

• Testimony.

EXPERT WITNESS

A person skilled in some art, trade, science or profession, having knowledge of

matters not within knowledge of persons of average education, learning and

experience, may assist a jury in arriving at a verdict by expressing an opinion on

a state of facts shown by the evidence and based upon his or her special

knowledge. (NOTE: Only the court can determine whether a witness is qualified

to testify as an expert.)