October 27, 2015

Standardized Field Sobriety Test Course Session 1 - Introduction Glossary of Terms DELIRIUM

Standardized Field Sobriety Test Course
Session 1 - Introduction

Glossary of Terms
DELIRIUM
A brief state characterized by incoherent excitement, confused speech,
restlessness, and possible hallucinations.
DENDRITE
The part of a neuron (nerve cell) that receives a neurotransmitter.
DIACETYL MORPHINE
The chemical name for Heroin.
DIASTOLIC
The lowest value of blood pressure. The blood pressure reaches its diastolic
value when the heart is fully expanded, or relaxed (Diastole).
DIPLOPIA
Double vision.
HS 178 R5/13 12 of 24
DISSOCIATIVE ANESTHETICS
One of the seven drug categories. Includes drugs that inhibits pain by cutting off
or disassociating the brain's perception of pain. PCP and its analogs are
considered Dissociative Anesthetics.
DIVIDED ATTENTION
Concentrating on more than one thing at a time. The four psychophysical tests
used by DREs require the suspect to divide attention.
DIVIDED ATTENTION TEST
A test which requires the subject to concentrate on both mental and physical
tasks at the same time.
DOWNSIDE EFFECT
An effect that may occur when the body reacts to the presence of a drug by
producing hormones or neurotransmitters to counteract the effects of the drug
consumed.
DRUG
Any substance that, when taken into the human body, can impair the ability of the
person to operate a vehicle safely.
DWI/DUI
The acronym "DWI" means driving while impaired and is synonymous with the
acronym "DUI", driving under the influence or other acronyms used to denote
impaired driving. These terms refer to any and all offenses involving the
operation of vehicles by persons under the influence of alcohol and/or other
drugs.
DWI DETECTION PROCESS
The entire process of identifying and gathering evidence to determine whether or
not a subject should be arrested for a DWI violation. The DWI detection process
has three phases:
1. Phase One - Vehicle In Motion
2. Phase Two - Personal Contact
3. Phase Three - Pre-arrest Screening
DYSARTHIA
Slurred speech. Difficult, poorly articulated speech.
DYSPNEA et. al.
Shortness of breath.
HS 178 R5/13 13 of 24
DYSMETRIA
An abnormal condition that prevents the affected person from properly estimating
distances linked to muscular movements.
DYSPHORIA
A disorder of mood. Feelings of depression and anguish.
EFFERENT NERVES
See: "Motor Nerves".
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
The network of glands that do not have ducts and other structures. They secrete
hormones into the blood stream to affect a number of functions in the body.
EVIDENCE
Any means by which some alleged fact that has been submitted to investigation
may either be established or disproved. Evidence of a DWI violation may be of
various types:
• Physical (or real) evidence: something tangible, visible, or audible.
• Well established facts (judicial notice).
• Demonstrative evidence: demonstrations performed in the courtroom.
• Written matter or documentation.
• Testimony.
EXPERT WITNESS
A person skilled in some art, trade, science or profession, having knowledge of
matters not within knowledge of persons of average education, learning and
experience, may assist a jury in arriving at a verdict by expressing an opinion on
a state of facts shown by the evidence and based upon his or her special
knowledge. (NOTE: Only the court can determine whether a witness is qualified
to testify as an expert.)

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