October 27, 2015

Standardized Field Sobriety Test Course Session 1 - Introduction Glossary of Terms REASONABLE SUSPICION

Standardized Field Sobriety Test Course
Session 1 - Introduction

Glossary of Terms
REASONABLE SUSPICION
Less than probable cause but more than mere suspicion; exists when an officer,
in light of his or her training and experience, reasonably believes and can
articulate that criminal activity is taking, has taken or is about to take place.
REBOUND DILATION
A period of pupillary constriction followed by a period of pupillary dilation where
the pupil steadily increases in size and does not return to its original constricted
size.
RESTING NYSTAGMUS
Jerking of the eyes as they look straight ahead.
SCLERA
A dense white fibrous membrane that, with the cornea, forms the external
covering of the eyeball (i.e., the white part of the eye).
SENSORY NERVES
Nerves that carry messages to the brain, from the various parts of the body,
including notably the sense organs(eyes, ears, etc.). Sensory nerves are also
known as afferent nerves.
SINSEMILLA
The unpollenated female cannabis plant, having a relatively high concentration of
THC.
STANDARDIZED FIELD SOBRIETY TESTING (SFST)
Standardized Field Sobriety Testing. There are three SFSTs, namely Horizontal
Gaze Nystagmus (HGN), Walk and Turn, and One Leg Stand. Based on a series
of controlled laboratory studies, scientifically validated clues of alcohol
impairment have been identified for each of these three tests. They are the only
Standardized Field Sobriety Tests for which validated clues have been identified.
SNORTING
One method of ingesting certain drugs. Snorting requires that the drug be in
powdered form. The user rapidly draws the drug up into the nostril, usually via a
paper or glass tube. Snorting is also known as insufflation.
SPHYGMOMANOMETER
A medical device used to measure blood pressure. It consists of an arm or leg
cuff with an air bag attached to a tube and a bulb for pumping air into the bag,
and a gauge for showing the amount of air pressure being pressed against the
artery.
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STETHOSCOPE
A medical instrument used, for drug evaluation and classification purposes, to
listen to the sounds produced by blood passing through an artery.
SYMPATHETIC NERVE
An autonomic nerve that commands the body to react in response to excitement,
stress, fear, etc. The brain uses sympathetic nerves to send "wake up calls" and
"fire alarms" to the muscles, tissues and organs.
SYMPATHOMIMETIC DRUGS
Drugs that mimic the neurotransmitter associated with the sympathetic nerves.
These drugs artificially cause the transmission of messages that produce
elevated blood pressure, dilated pupils, etc.
SYNAPSE (or Synaptic Gap)
The gap or space between two neurons (nerve cells).
SYNESTHESIA
A sensory perception disorder, in which an input via one sense is perceived by
the brain as an input via another sense. In its simplest terms, it is a transposition
of senses. For example, seeing a particular sight may cause the user to perceive
a sound.
SYSTOLIC
The highest value of blood pressure. The blood pressure reaches its systolic
value when the heart is fully contracted (systole), and blood is sent surging into
the arteries.

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