October 27, 2015

etection and General Deterrence Standardized Field Sobriety Test Course Fermented beverage is boiled at a controlled temperature to extract and concentrate the ethanol fumes Ethanol Production - Distillation

Session 2 – Detection and General Deterrence
Standardized Field Sobriety Test Course
Fermented beverage is boiled at a
controlled temperature to extract and
concentrate the ethanol fumes
Ethanol Production - Distillation
2-43
Distilled spirits is the name we give to high ethanol concentration beverages produced
by distillation. These include rum, whiskey, gin, vodka, etc. The ethanol concentration
of distilled spirits usually is expressed in terms of proof, which is a number
corresponding to twice the ethanol percentage.
For example, an 80 proof beverage has an ethanol concentration of 40 %.
Session 2 – Detection and General Deterrence
Standardized Field Sobriety Test Course
Common Drink Sizes
2-44
Can of beer – 12 ounces of fluid
@ 4 percent alcohol equals 0.48
ounces of pure ethanol
Glass of wine – 4 ounces of fluid
@ 12 percent alcohol equals 0.48
ounces of pure ethanol
Shot of whiskey (80 proof) – 1
and 1/4 ounces @ 40 percent
alcohol equals 0.50 ounces of
pure ethanol
• Over the millennia during which people have used and abused ethanol, some
common sized servings of the different beverages have evolved. Beer, for example,
is normally dispensed in 12 ounce servings. Since beer has an ethanol concentration
of about four percent, the typical bottle or can of beer contains a little less than one
half ounce of pure ethanol.
• A standard glass of wine has about four ounces of liquid. Wine is about 12 %
alcohol, so the glass of wine also has a bit less than one half ounce of ethanol in it.
• Whiskey and other distilled spirits are dispensed by the "shot glass", usually
containing about one and one quarter ounce of fluid. At a typical concentration of 40
% ethanol (80 proof), the standard shot of whiskey has approximately one half ounce
of ethanol.
Therefore, as far as their alcoholic contents are concerned, a can of beer, a glass of
wine and a shot of whiskey are all the same.
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HS 178 R5/13 30 of 39
(National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism of the National Institute of Health.)
Session 2 – Detection and General Deterrence
Standardized Field Sobriety Test Course
Alcohol is a CNS Depressant
2-45
Alcohol is the most
abused drug in the
United States
Ethanol is a Central Nervous System Depressant. It doesn't affect a person until it gets
into their central nervous system, i.e., the brain, brain stem and spinal cord. Ethanol
gets to the brain by getting into the blood. In order to get into the blood, it has to get
into the body.
There are actually a number of different ways in which ethanol can get into the body. It
can be inhaled. Ethanol fumes, when taken into the lungs, will pass into the
bloodstream and a positive blood alcohol concentration (BAC) will develop.
However, prolonged breathing of fairly concentrated fumes would be required to
produce a significantly high BAC. Ethanol could also be injected, directly into a vein; it
would then flow with the blood back to the heart, where it would be pumped first to the
lungs and then to the brain. And, it could be inserted, as an enema, and pass quickly
from the large intestine into the blood. But none of these methods are of any practical
significance, because alcohol is almost always introduced into the body orally, i.e., by
drinking.
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Source: DWI Detection and
Standardized Field
Sobriety Testing
March 2013 EditionHS 178 R5/13 31 of 39

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