Standard ized Field Sobriety Test Course
Session 1 - Introduction
Glossary of Terms
1-15
Glossary
of Terms
SFST
SFST
Glossary
of
Terms
SFST
Master Glossary of Terms
ACCOMMODATION REFLEX
The
adjustment of the eyes for viewing at various distances. Meaning the pupils
will
automatically constrict as objects move closer and dilate as objects move
further
away.
ADDICTION
Habitual,
psychological, and physiological dependence on a substance beyond
one’s
voluntary control.
ADDITIVE EFFECT
One
mechanism of polydrug interaction. For a particular indicator of impairment,
two
drugs produce an additive effect if they both affect the indicator in the same
way.
For example, cocaine elevates pulse rate and PCP also elevates pulse
rate.
The combination of cocaine and PCP produces an additive effect on pulse
rate.
AFFERENT NERVES
See:
"Sensory Nerves."
ALKALOID
A
chemical that is found in, and can be physically extracted from, some
substance.
For example, morphine is a natural alkaloid of opium. It does not
require
a chemical reaction to produce morphine from opium.
ALVEOLAR BREATH - Breath from the deepest part of the lung.
ANALGESIC
A
drug that relieves or allays pain.
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ANALOG (of
a drug)
An
analog of a drug is a chemical that is very similar to the drug, both in terms
of
molecular
structure and in terms of psychoactive effects. For example, the drug
Ketamine
is an analog of PCP.
ANESTHETIC
A
drug that produces a general or local insensibility to pain and other
sensation.
ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT
One
mechanism of polydrug interaction. For a particular indicator of impairment,
two
drugs produce an antagonistic effect if they affect the indicator in opposite
ways.
For example, heroin constricts pupils while cocaine dilates pupils. The
combination
of heroin and cocaine produces an antagonistic effect on pupil size.
Depending
on how much of each drug was taken, and on when they were taken,
the
suspect's pupils could be constricted, or dilated, or within the normal range
of
size.
ARRHYTHMIA
An
abnormal heart rhythm.
ARTERY
The
strong, elastic blood vessels that carry blood away the heart.
ATAXIA
A
blocked ability to coordinate movements. A staggering walk and poor balance
may
be caused by damage to the brain or spinal cord. This can be the result of
trauma,
birth defect, infection, tumor, or drug use.
AUTONOMIC NERVE
A
motor nerve that carries messages to the muscles and organs that we do not
consciously
control. There are two kinds of autonomic nerves, the sympathetic
nerves
and parasympathetic nerves.
AXON
The
part of a neuron (nerve cell) that sends out a neurotransmitter.
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