Session Purpose
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A. Overview
• The purpose of this session is to improve your ability to recognize suspects who may
be medically impaired or impaired by drugs other than alcohol and, when you
encounter such suspects, take appropriate action.
• Alcohol certainly remains the most frequently abused drug, and most impaired drivers
are under the influence of alcohol
• Many other drugs also are routinely abused by many drivers.
• It is highly likely that every experienced DWI enforcement officer has encountered at
least some drivers who were under the influence of drugs other than alcohol.
• Depending upon the specific types of drugs they have taken, some drug-impaired
drivers may look and act quite a bit like persons who are under the influence of
alcohol, but others will look and act very differently from alcohol-impaired drivers.
• It is important that you be able to recognize subjects who may be under the influence
of other drugs, so that you will know when to summon assistance from physicians or
other appropriate persons, or trained drug recognition experts. (DREs)
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HS 178 R5/13 3 of 29
Session Overview – Introduction to Drugged Driving
DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing
Important issue this training will NOT
qualify you to perform the functions of a
Drug Recognition Expert
This Training Will NOT…
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One important thing that this session will not accomplish: it will NOT qualify you to
perform functions of a Drug Recognition Expert (DRE).
Officers become DREs only after they have completed a very challenging program that
includes nine days of classroom training and many weeks of closely-supervised on-thejob
training. (Two-Day Pre-School followed by Seven-Day classroom training.)
Session Overview – Introduction to Drugged Driving
DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing
Working Definition of “Drug:
Any substance that, when taken into the
human body, can impair the ability of the
person to operate a vehicle safely
What is a “Drug”?
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Definition of “Drug”
• The word “drug” is used in many different ways, by many different people.
• The corner druggist and the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration are both
concerned with “drugs”, but they don’t have exactly the same thing in mind when they
use that word, and neither the druggist nor the DEA have the same perspective as
the DWI enforcement officer.
For our purposes, a “drug: is:
• Any substance when taken into the human body, can impair the ability of the person
to operate a vehicle safely.
• This definition excludes some substances that physicians consider to be drugs.
• This definition includes some substances that physicians don't usually think of as
drugs.
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HS 178 R5/13 4 of 29
Session Overview – Introduction to Drugged Driving
DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing
• Because many drugs are illegally
manufactured, sold and consumed, it is
difficult to determine how many people
actually use the various drugs
• All available information shows that drug
use and abuse are widespread among
large segments of the American public
How Many People Use Drugs?
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How many people use drugs?
• Because many drugs are illegally manufactured, sold and consumed, it is difficult to
determine how many people actually use the various drugs.
• All available information shows that drug use and abuse are widespread among large
segments of the American public.
Session Overview – Introduction to Drugged Driving
DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing
2011 National Survey on Drug Use
and Health: National Findings
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• 8.7% of the population aged 12 years or
older were current illicit drug users
• Marijuana continues to be the most
commonly used illicit drug
• 6.7 million people were users of
psychotherapeutic drugs taken non
medically
• Estimated 1.4 million persons were
current Cocaine users
Results from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings
• In 2011, 8.7% of the population aged 12 years or older were current illicit drug
users.
• Marijuana was the most commonly used illicit drug in 2011, with 18.1 million
users.
• In 2011, 6.7 million people were users of psychotherapeutic drugs taken non
medically
• In 2011, an estimated 1.4 million persons were current Cocaine users
Source: Results from the 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National
Findings
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HS 178 R5/13 5 of 29
Session Overview – Introduction to Drugged Driving
DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing
• University of Tennessee found 40% of
crash injured drivers had drugs other
than alcohol in them
• The Maryland Shock Trauma Center
found nearly one third of crash injured
drivers had recently used marijuana
Facts
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Evidence of drug use frequently shows up in people killed or injured in motor vehicle
crashes.
• Fact: University of Tennessee (1988) found 40% of crash injured drivers had drugs
other than alcohol in them.
• Fact: The Maryland Shock Trauma Center (1986) found nearly one-third of crash
injured drivers had recently used Marijuana.
Studies of fatally-injured drivers consistently show that nearly 20% had drugs or the
combination of drugs and alcohol in their systems at the time of the crash.
Source: FARS, 2010
Session Overview – Introduction to Drugged Driving
DWI Detection and Standardized Field Sobriety Testing
DWI Detection and
Standardized Field
Sobriety Testing
March 2013 Edition
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